County Hazards

States › Arkansas › Lonoke County

Lonoke County, Arkansas

Recorded hazard history: storm events since 1950, federal disaster declarations since 1953, flood insurance claims since 1978, and FEMA's risk index.

FIPS 05085 · 74,722 residents (2021) · 771 sq mi · dominant hazard Wind

Hail · 275Tornado · 89Flood · 86Wind · 383Winter · 65
2026-03-15: Hail2025-04-02: Hail2025-04-02: Hail2025-04-02: Hail2025-04-02: Hail2025-04-02: Hail2024-08-18: Hail2024-08-18: Hail2024-08-18: Hail2024-08-18: Hail2024-08-18: Hail2024-08-18: Hail2024-05-08: Hail2023-06-14: Hail2023-06-14: Hail2023-06-14: Hail2023-04-27: Hail2023-04-27: Hail2023-04-15: Hail2023-04-15: Hail2023-04-15: Hail2023-04-15: Hail2022-10-15: Hail2022-10-15: Hail2022-10-15: Hail2022-10-15: Hail2022-10-15: Hail2022-10-12: Hail2022-10-12: Hail2022-05-24: Hail2022-04-30: Hail2022-04-11: Hail2022-04-11: Hail2022-04-11: Hail2022-04-11: Hail2021-12-10: Hail2021-12-10: Hail2021-12-10: Hail2021-10-15: Hail2021-03-27: Hail2021-03-27: Hail2021-03-27: Hail2021-03-27: Hail2021-03-27: Hail2021-03-27: Hail2020-05-22: Hail2020-03-14: Hail2018-07-20: Hail2018-04-03: Hail2018-04-03: Hail2017-05-19: Hail2017-03-01: Hail2017-02-07: Hail2016-07-14: Hail2016-03-31: Hail2015-12-23: Hail2015-12-23: Hail2015-05-25: Hail2015-04-24: Hail2015-04-19: Hail2014-06-07: Hail2014-04-27: Hail2014-03-28: Hail2013-07-10: Hail2013-02-18: Hail2012-07-19: Hail2012-01-22: Hail2012-01-22: Hail2011-08-07: Hail2011-06-16: Hail2011-05-25: Hail2011-05-25: Hail2011-05-22: Hail2011-04-25: Hail2011-04-19: Hail2011-04-19: Hail2011-04-19: Hail2011-04-19: Hail2011-03-29: Hail2011-03-26: Hail2010-10-24: Hail2010-05-16: Hail2010-05-01: Hail2010-05-01: Hail2010-03-10: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-06-30: Hail2009-04-30: Hail2009-02-26: Hail2008-08-03: Hail2008-08-03: Hail2008-08-03: Hail2008-07-22: Hail2008-07-22: Hail1951-02-20: Tornado1952-03-21: Tornado1952-03-21: Tornado1957-04-04: Tornado1961-03-05: Tornado1962-06-03: Tornado1967-05-06: Tornado1967-05-06: Tornado1967-05-06: Tornado1971-09-01: Tornado1971-09-01: Tornado1973-04-19: Tornado1974-04-21: Tornado1976-03-29: Tornado1977-04-22: Tornado1978-04-17: Tornado1978-01-07: Tornado1978-04-22: Tornado1978-06-19: Tornado1978-07-02: Tornado1979-04-23: Tornado1979-04-11: Tornado1980-04-07: Tornado1980-04-07: Tornado1980-04-07: Tornado1982-04-02: Tornado1982-04-25: Tornado1985-04-23: Tornado1988-11-15: Tornado1988-11-15: Tornado1994-06-07: Tornado1997-03-01: Tornado1997-03-01: Tornado1998-04-16: Tornado1998-06-04: Tornado1998-06-04: Tornado1998-06-04: Tornado1999-01-21: Tornado1999-01-21: Tornado1999-01-21: Tornado1999-01-21: Tornado1999-04-03: Tornado2000-02-13: Tornado2000-05-04: Tornado2001-12-07: Tornado2001-02-24: Tornado2001-02-24: Tornado2001-02-24: Tornado2002-12-18: Tornado2003-05-16: Tornado2003-05-04: Tornado2004-04-24: Tornado2004-10-18: Tornado2004-10-18: Tornado2004-11-01: Tornado2005-09-24: Tornado2005-09-24: Tornado2006-03-09: Tornado2008-04-03: Tornado2008-05-02: Tornado2008-05-02: Tornado2008-05-02: Tornado2008-05-10: Tornado2008-09-13: Tornado2008-04-03: Tornado2009-10-29: Tornado2010-04-30: Tornado2011-02-24: Tornado2011-04-25: Tornado2011-04-26: Tornado2011-04-15: Tornado2011-04-15: Tornado2011-02-24: Tornado2012-06-04: Tornado2012-10-17: Tornado2012-01-22: Tornado2014-10-02: Tornado2014-10-13: Tornado2017-04-30: Tornado2019-03-09: Tornado2019-03-09: Tornado2019-03-09: Tornado2020-01-11: Tornado2021-06-09: Tornado2021-06-09: Tornado2023-03-31: Tornado2025-04-20: Tornado2026-06-12: Tornado2007-09-05: Flood2007-01-13: Flood2007-07-10: Flood2008-04-09: Flood2008-03-18: Flood2008-09-03: Flood2008-09-03: Flood2008-09-03: Flood2009-12-24: Flood2009-12-24: Flood2009-12-24: Flood2009-04-28: Flood2009-04-28: Flood2009-05-02: Flood2009-05-06: Flood2009-07-21: Flood2009-09-16: Flood2009-10-29: Flood2009-10-29: Flood2009-10-29: Flood2010-04-30: Flood2010-08-10: Flood2010-08-10: Flood2010-07-26: Flood2011-11-21: Flood2011-04-26: Flood2011-05-01: Flood2012-12-04: Flood2012-08-31: Flood2013-12-21: Flood2013-12-21: Flood2013-12-21: Flood2013-05-30: Flood2014-07-23: Flood2014-06-29: Flood2015-05-29: Flood2015-03-13: Flood2015-07-03: Flood2015-12-28: Flood2015-12-28: Flood2016-03-30: Flood2016-03-30: Flood2016-03-30: Flood2016-03-30: Flood2017-04-30: Flood2017-04-30: Flood2017-04-30: Flood2017-04-30: Flood2017-04-30: Flood2018-02-28: Flood2018-02-22: Flood2018-02-22: Flood2018-02-23: Flood2018-02-21: Flood2018-03-01: Flood2018-03-01: Flood2018-11-05: Flood2018-11-05: Flood2018-06-01: Flood2018-09-07: Flood2018-09-21: Flood2018-09-21: Flood2018-07-17: Flood2019-04-18: Flood2019-08-10: Flood2019-05-08: Flood2019-05-08: Flood2019-05-08: Flood2019-05-08: Flood2020-08-27: Flood2021-05-18: Flood2021-12-10: Flood2023-03-24: Flood2025-04-05: Flood2025-04-05: Flood2025-04-05: Flood2025-04-05: Flood2025-04-05: Flood2026-06-12: Wind2025-06-28: Wind2025-04-30: Wind2025-04-04: Wind2024-07-08: Wind2024-05-24: Wind2024-04-26: Wind2024-04-26: Wind2023-06-25: Wind2023-06-25: Wind2023-06-25: Wind2023-06-25: Wind2023-06-25: Wind2023-06-25: Wind2023-06-25: Wind2023-06-25: Wind2023-06-25: Wind2023-06-14: Wind2023-04-15: Wind2022-11-04: Wind2022-11-04: Wind2022-05-21: Wind2022-05-15: Wind2022-04-30: Wind2022-04-13: Wind2021-07-10: Wind2021-07-10: Wind2020-07-09: Wind2020-05-25: Wind2020-04-28: Wind2020-04-28: Wind2020-04-24: Wind2020-04-24: Wind2020-04-24: Wind2020-04-24: Wind2020-04-24: Wind2020-01-11: Wind2019-10-21: Wind2019-10-21: Wind2019-06-19: Wind2019-06-19: Wind2019-05-18: Wind2019-05-18: Wind2019-05-18: Wind2019-05-18: Wind2019-05-18: Wind2019-05-18: Wind2019-05-18: Wind2019-05-02: Wind2019-03-09: Wind2018-06-24: Wind2018-06-24: Wind2018-06-23: Wind2018-06-23: Wind2018-06-23: Wind2018-06-09: Wind2018-05-06: Wind2018-02-24: Wind2018-02-24: Wind2017-10-22: Wind2017-10-22: Wind2017-04-29: Wind2017-04-29: Wind2017-04-29: Wind2017-04-29: Wind2017-04-29: Wind2017-04-29: Wind2017-03-07: Wind2017-03-07: Wind2016-07-30: Wind2016-07-29: Wind2016-07-23: Wind2016-07-23: Wind2016-07-14: Wind2016-07-14: Wind2016-05-26: Wind2016-05-12: Wind2016-05-12: Wind2016-05-12: Wind2015-12-23: Wind2015-06-26: Wind2015-05-24: Wind2014-10-02: Wind2014-10-02: Wind2014-10-02: Wind2014-10-02: Wind2014-08-17: Wind2014-07-23: Wind2014-07-23: Wind2014-07-01: Wind2014-06-07: Wind2014-06-07: Wind2014-06-06: Wind2014-04-13: Wind2013-09-11: Wind2013-07-10: Wind2013-07-10: Wind2013-07-10: Wind2013-05-30: Wind2013-05-30: Wind2012-09-07: Wind2012-09-01: Wind2012-06-11: Wind2012-06-11: Wind2012-02-01: Wind2012-01-22: Wind2011-08-24: Wind2011-08-08: Wind2011-08-08: Wind2011-08-07: Wind2011-07-23: Wind2011-07-13: Wind2011-07-13: Wind2011-04-25: Wind
Lonoke County within Arkansas. Dots: HailTornadoFloodWind event locations in the kept record. Boundaries: US Census Bureau.

NCEI notes that Storm Data is compiled from a variety of sources including the National Weather Service, other federal, state and local agencies, the media and the public; that property and crop damage figures are estimates; and that some events are recorded by NWS forecast zone rather than by county. FEMA notes that NFIP claim records are redacted and aggregated to protect the privacy of policyholders. NCEI storm records through 30 Jun 2026; OpenFEMA declarations refreshed 1 Oct 2026; NFIP claims as of 8 Sep 2026.

Lonoke County, Arkansas, has 976 weather events in the NCEI Storm Events record since 1950, most of them damaging wind.

That is 126.5 events per 100 square miles, above the Arkansas figure of 94.2, and 130.6 per 10,000 residents against 161.8 statewide.

4 events fall in the 12 months to 30 Jun 2026. NCEI attributes 26 deaths and 132 injuries to events in the county, with property damage estimated at $149M and crop damage at $14M.

FEMA has designated the county in 29 federal disaster declarations since 1953; the most recent is Severe Winter Storm (emergency, 24 Jan 2026).

National Flood Insurance Program policyholders in the county filed 89 claims since 1978, of which 68 were paid, totalling $1.3M (about $20K per paid claim). FEMA counts 180 residential flood policies in force.

FEMA's National Risk Index rates the county's overall risk as "Relatively Low" and its expected annual loss as "Relatively Low" ($41M a year across 18 hazards).

9 tropical storm or hurricane tracks in the HURDAT2 record passed within 100 miles of the county's centre at tropical-storm strength or more, 0 of them within 50 miles at hurricane strength.

4events, last 12 monthsto 30 Jun 2026
976events since 195026 deaths, 132 injuries recorded
29disaster declarationslast 24 Jan 2026
89NFIP flood claims$1.3M paid

Compared with Arkansas and the United States

MeasureLonoke CountyArkansasUS
Recorded events since 195097648,9661,977,440
Events per 100 square miles126.594.256.0
Events per 10,000 residents130.6161.859.6
Events in the last 12 months41,15162,008
Deaths recorded by NCEI2666826,435
Property damage (NCEI estimates)$149M$6.4B$575B
NFIP claims per 1,000 residents1.23.48.1
Average paid NFIP claim$20K$27K$43K
Claims per 100 policies in force, last 10 years7.223.016.1

County-recorded events plus zone-recorded events whose forecast zone is named for the county. State and US rows include events recorded only by forecast zone. Rates use 2021 Census population and land area.

Events by decade

Hail: 2Tornado: 4Wind: 5
Hail: 1Tornado: 5Wind: 3
Hail: 4Tornado: 13Wind: 10
Hail: 18Tornado: 9Wind: 35
Hail: 67Tornado: 12Flood: 3Wind: 78Winter: 5Heat: 1Lightning: 1Other: 1
Hail: 98Tornado: 24Flood: 25Wind: 110Winter: 15Tropical: 3Heat: 1Cold: 4Drought: 1Lightning: 2Other: 3
Hail: 38Tornado: 16Flood: 49Wind: 105Winter: 32Tropical: 2Heat: 11Cold: 2Drought: 18Wildfire: 1Lightning: 5Other: 18
Hail: 47Tornado: 6Flood: 9Wind: 37Winter: 13Tropical: 1Lightning: 1Other: 2
111950s91960s271970s621980s1681990s2862000s2972010s1162020s
Recorded events in Lonoke County by decade and hazard group. HailTornadoFloodWindWinterTropicalHeatColdDroughtWildfireLightningOther NCEI recorded only tornadoes, hail and thunderstorm wind before 1996.

Trend: 574 events in the 20 years to 2025 against 308 in the 20 years before. Reporting practice changed in 1996 and again with automated reports in the 2000s, so decade totals measure the record as much as the weather.

Events by type

Wind383
Hail275
Tornado89
Flood86
Winter65
Other24
Drought19
Heat13
Lightning9
Tropical6
Cold6
Wildfire1
HazardEventsDeathsShare of state's events
■ Wind38332.2%detail
■ Hail275—2.2%detail
■ Tornado89183.5%detail
■ Flood8611.5%detail
■ Winter6521.4%detail
■ Other24—3.5%
■ Drought19—1.0%
■ Heat1320.5%
■ Lightning9—2.3%
■ Tropical6—2.2%
■ Cold6—1.3%
■ Wildfire1—0.6%

Hazard pages exist for hail, tornado, flood, wind and winter where the county has at least 10 recorded events. "Other" covers heavy rain, debris flow, dust, funnel clouds and similar reports.

Largest recorded events

DateEvent typeGroupMagnitudeProperty damageCrop damageDeathsInjuriesGeography
21 Mar 1952TornadoTornadoF3$250K—99County
29 Mar 1976TornadoTornadoF3$25M—564County
15 Nov 1988TornadoTornadoF2$25M—28County
21 Mar 1952TornadoTornadoF4$250K—26County
25 Jun 2023Thunderstorm WindWind64 mph——21County
1 May 2011FloodFlood—$2.0M$7.0M1—County
29 Jan 2008Strong WindWind55 mph$250K—1—Forecast zone
4 Feb 2014Ice StormWinter—$200K—1—Forecast zone
22 Dec 1998Ice StormWinter———1—Forecast zone
28 Jul 1999HeatHeat———1—Forecast zone
10 Jul 2015Excessive HeatHeat———1—Forecast zone
17 Apr 1978TornadoTornadoF2$250K——5County
24 Sep 2005TornadoTornadoF2———5County
11 Mar 1986Thunderstorm WindWind0 mph———4County
1 Mar 1997TornadoTornadoF2$150K——3County
20 Feb 1951TornadoTornadoF2$25K——3County
19 Nov 1988Thunderstorm WindWind0 mph———3County
24 Feb 2001TornadoTornadoF1———3County
15 Nov 1988TornadoTornadoF2$25M———County
2 May 2008TornadoTornadoEF2$3.0M——2County

Ranked by deaths, then injuries, then NCEI's damage estimate. Deaths and injuries are NCEI counts (direct plus indirect); no personal details are recorded here.

Federal disaster declarations

DeclaredNumberTypeIncidentTitlePrograms
24 Jan 2026EM-3636EmergencyWinter StormSevere Winter StormPublic assistance
21 May 2025DR-4873Major disasterFloodSevere Storms, Tornadoes, And FloodingPublic assistance
5 Apr 2025EM-3627EmergencySevere StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, And FloodingPublic assistance
14 Nov 2023DR-4748Major disasterSevere StormSevere Storms, Straight-Line Winds, And TornadoesPublic assistance
2 Apr 2023DR-4698Major disasterSevere StormSevere Storms And TornadoesIndividual assistance, Public assistance
27 Aug 2020EM-3541EmergencyHurricaneHurricane LauraPublic assistance
3 Apr 2020DR-4518Major disasterBiologicalCovid-19 PandemicIndividual assistance, Public assistance
13 Mar 2020EM-3461EmergencyBiologicalCovid-19Public assistance
29 Jan 2013DR-4100Major disasterSevere Ice StormSevere Winter StormPublic assistance
2 May 2011DR-1975Major disasterSevere StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, And Associated FloodingIndividual assistance, Public assistance
4 Feb 2010DR-1872Major disasterSevere StormSevere Storms And FloodingPublic assistance
28 Jan 2009EM-3301EmergencySevere Ice StormSevere Winter StormPublic assistance
20 May 2008DR-1758Major disasterSevere StormSevere Storms, Flooding, And TornadoesIndividual assistance, Public assistance
26 Mar 2008DR-1751Major disasterSevere StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, And FloodingIndividual assistance, Public assistance
2 Sep 2005EM-3215EmergencyHurricaneHurricane Katrina EvacuationPublic assistance
6 Jun 2003DR-1472Major disasterSevere StormSevere Storms, Tornadoes, And FloodingIndividual assistance
29 Dec 2000DR-1354Major disasterSevere Ice StormSevere Winter Ice StormIndividual assistance, Public assistance
28 Dec 2000EM-3159EmergencySevere Ice StormSevere Winter Ice StormPublic assistance
23 Jan 1999DR-1266Major disasterSevere StormAr Severe Weather 1-21-99Individual assistance
14 Apr 1997DR-1176Major disasterFloodFlooding, Severe StormsIndividual assistance, Public assistance
2 Mar 1997DR-1162Major disasterSevere StormSevere Storms And TornadoesIndividual assistance, Public assistance
23 Nov 1988DR-817Major disasterTornadoSevere Storms & TornadoesIndividual assistance
31 Dec 1987DR-807Major disasterFloodSevere Storms & FloodingIndividual assistance
23 Apr 1982EM-3085EmergencyTornadoSevere Storms & TornadoesIndividual assistance
16 Apr 1980DR-617Major disasterTornadoSevere Storms & TornadoesIndividual assistance
22 Apr 1978EM-3062EmergencyTornadoTornadoesIndividual assistance, Public assistance
1 Apr 1976DR-498Major disasterTornadoTornadoesIndividual assistance, Public assistance
15 Feb 1969DR-254Major disasterFloodSevere Storms & FloodingIndividual assistance, Public assistance
29 May 1968DR-239Major disasterTornadoTornadoes, Severe Storms & FloodingIndividual assistance, Public assistance

Declarations in which FEMA designated this county, from the OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries (v2). DR: major disaster; EM: emergency; FM: fire management assistance. Programs show whether individual or public assistance was made available.

Flood insurance claims

197820022026
NFIP claims by year of loss in Lonoke County, 1978 to 2026 (hover for the amount paid).
Claims since 197889
Paid claims68
Total paid$1.3M
Average paid claim$20K
Repetitive-loss properties121 severe
Residential policies in force1800.7% of 27,577 structures
Year of lossClaimsPaid claimsAmount paidAverage paid
202565$207,117$41,423
201853$20,852$6,951
201722$92,178$46,089
201611$8,874$8,874
201511$669$669
20112016$462,792$28,924
201010$0—
20093225$433,333$17,333
200844$7,850$1,963
200311$44,881$44,881
200110$0—
199922$27,169$13,584
199810$0—
199022$5,494$2,747
198811$4,410$4,410
198731$10,032$10,032
198421$1,071$1,071
197921$713$713
197822$4,872$2,436

OpenFEMA NFIP claims (v3, as of 8 Sep 2026), aggregated by year of loss; amounts are building, contents and increased-cost-of-compliance payments as recorded. Repetitive-loss counts from the NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (2 Aug 2026); policies in force from the NFIP Residential Penetration Rates file (3 Aug 2026).

National Risk Index

Overall riskRelatively Lowscore 75.1 of 100
Expected annual loss$41MRelatively Low
Social vulnerabilityVery Low
Community resilienceRelatively Low
Hazard (NRI)Risk ratingExpected annual loss
Inland floodingRelatively Low$15,255,946
EarthquakeRelatively Moderate$9,933,894
TornadoRelatively Moderate$6,743,865
Heat waveRelatively Moderate$2,432,623
Ice stormVery High$2,081,099
Strong windRelatively High$2,050,114
Cold waveRelatively Low$932,464
HailRelatively Low$717,469
LightningRelatively Moderate$537,104
Winter weatherRelatively Moderate$132,002
HurricaneVery Low$115,556
DroughtRelatively Low$78,775
WildfireVery Low$63,441
LandslideVery Low$805

FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025 release. Ratings are FEMA's relative comparison of counties; expected annual loss is FEMA's modelled estimate of average yearly building, population and agriculture loss. See how to read the NRI.

Hurricane and tropical storm passes

Tracks within 100 miles9
Tracks within 50 miles5
Hurricane strength within 50 miles0
StormYearClosest approachMax wind while within 100 mi
Laura202042 mi40 mph
Unnamed Atlantic storm194197 mi40 mph
Unnamed Atlantic storm192371 mi52 mph
Unnamed Atlantic storm191542 mi40 mph
Unnamed Atlantic storm190938 mi46 mph
Unnamed Atlantic storm190546 mi40 mph
Unnamed Atlantic storm189177 mi40 mph
Unnamed Atlantic storm187947 mi46 mph
Unnamed Atlantic storm186582 mi46 mph

HURDAT2 best-track positions at tropical-storm strength (34 kt) or more, measured from the county's Census centre point; through the 2025 season. Distance from a track is not the same as the extent of the storm's wind, rain or surge.

ZIP codes with flood claims

ZIP codes whose NFIP claims carry this county's code, with the number of claims. Five or more claims are needed for a ZIP page to be indexed.

Questions and answers

How often does it hail in Lonoke County, AR?

NCEI records 275 hail events in Lonoke County since 1950, in 46 different years; that is about 3.6 recorded events a year. 57 reports were golf-ball size (1.75 in) or larger.

Has Lonoke County had a tornado?

Yes. NCEI records 89 tornadoes in Lonoke County since 1950, 28 of them rated (E)F2 or stronger. Tornado deaths recorded: 18.

When was the last federal disaster declaration for Lonoke County?

24 Jan 2026: Severe Winter Storm, a emergency declaration for winter storm. The county appears in 29 declarations since 1953.

How many flood insurance claims have been filed in Lonoke County, and how much was paid?

89 NFIP claims since 1978, 68 of them paid, for $1.3M in total. FEMA publishes these figures redacted and aggregated; individual properties are not identified.

Is Lonoke County in the National Risk Index's high-risk band?

FEMA's National Risk Index (December 2025) rates the county "Relatively Low" for overall risk, "Relatively Low" for expected annual loss, "Very Low" for social vulnerability and "Relatively Low" for community resilience. These ratings are FEMA's relative comparison across all US counties.

How does Lonoke County compare with the rest of Arkansas?

126.5 recorded events per 100 square miles against 94.2 statewide, and 1.2 NFIP claims per 1,000 residents against 3.4. The comparison table on this page shows each measure beside the state and national figures.

Provenance

Storm events: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, yearly details files through 30 Jun 2026 (public domain). Declarations: OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, refreshed 1 Oct 2026. Flood claims: OpenFEMA NfipClaims v3 as of 8 Sep 2026; NfipMultipleLossProperties v1 (2 Aug 2026); NfipResidentialPenetrationRates v1 (3 Aug 2026). Risk index: FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025. Hurricane tracks: NHC HURDAT2 through 2025. Population and area: US Census Bureau, 2021 vintage. Built 1 Oct 2026; see the methodology and corrections pages. Hazard hubs: Hail · Tornado · Flood · Wind · Winter.