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San Francisco County, California
Recorded hazard history: storm events since 1950, federal disaster declarations since 1953, flood insurance claims since 1978, and FEMA's risk index.
NCEI notes that Storm Data is compiled from a variety of sources including the National Weather Service, other federal, state and local agencies, the media and the public; that property and crop damage figures are estimates; and that some events are recorded by NWS forecast zone rather than by county. FEMA notes that NFIP claim records are redacted and aggregated to protect the privacy of policyholders. NCEI storm records through 30 Jun 2026; OpenFEMA declarations refreshed 1 Oct 2026; NFIP claims as of 8 Sep 2026.
Between 1950 and 2026, NCEI recorded 271 storm events in San Francisco County, California, led by floods and flash floods.
That is 577.7 events per 100 square miles, above the California figure of 26.2, and 3.3 per 10,000 residents against 10.4 statewide.
8 events fall in the 12 months to 30 Jun 2026. NCEI attributes 9 deaths and 49 injuries to events in the county, with property damage estimated at $11M and crop damage at $70.
FEMA has designated the county in 11 federal disaster declarations since 1953; the most recent is Severe Winter Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, And Mudslides (major disaster, 3 Apr 2023).
National Flood Insurance Program policyholders in the county filed 147 claims since 1978, of which 102 were paid, totalling $2.9M (about $29K per paid claim). FEMA counts 204 residential flood policies in force.
FEMA's National Risk Index rates the county's overall risk as "Very High" and its expected annual loss as "Relatively High" ($853M a year across 18 hazards).
Compared with California and the United States
| Measure | San Francisco County | California | US |
|---|---|---|---|
| Recorded events since 1950 | 271 | 40,849 | 1,977,440 |
| Events per 100 square miles | 577.7 | 26.2 | 56.0 |
| Events per 10,000 residents | 3.3 | 10.4 | 59.6 |
| Events in the last 12 months | 8 | 1,233 | 62,008 |
| Deaths recorded by NCEI | 9 | 1,170 | 26,435 |
| Property damage (NCEI estimates) | $11M | $30B | $575B |
| NFIP claims per 1,000 residents | 0.2 | 1.4 | 8.1 |
| Average paid NFIP claim | $29K | $21K | $43K |
| Claims per 100 policies in force, last 10 years | 8.8 | 5.0 | 16.1 |
County-recorded events plus zone-recorded events whose forecast zone is named for the county. State and US rows include events recorded only by forecast zone. Rates use 2021 Census population and land area.
Events by decade
Trend: 231 events in the 20 years to 2025 against 35 in the 20 years before. Reporting practice changed in 1996 and again with automated reports in the 2000s, so decade totals measure the record as much as the weather.
Events by type
Hazard pages exist for hail, tornado, flood, wind and winter where the county has at least 10 recorded events. "Other" covers heavy rain, debris flow, dust, funnel clouds and similar reports.
Largest recorded events
| Date | Event type | Group | Magnitude | Property damage | Crop damage | Deaths | Injuries | Geography |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sep 2017 | Excessive Heat | Heat | — | — | — | 3 | — | Forecast zone |
| 21 Mar 2023 | Strong Wind | Wind | 23 mph | — | — | 1 | 1 | Forecast zone |
| 22 Feb 2019 | Debris Flow | Other | — | — | — | 1 | — | County |
| 10 Jun 2019 | Heat | Heat | — | — | — | 1 | — | Forecast zone |
| 15 Nov 2020 | Storm Surge/Tide | Tropical | — | — | — | 1 | — | Forecast zone |
| 14 Jan 2023 | Thunderstorm Wind | Wind | 15 mph | — | — | 1 | — | County |
| 21 Mar 2023 | Strong Wind | Wind | 20 mph | — | — | 1 | — | Forecast zone |
| 14 Jun 2000 | Heat | Heat | — | — | — | — | 30 | Forecast zone |
| 1 Mar 2024 | Thunderstorm Wind | Wind | 40 mph | — | — | — | 4 | County |
| 23 Feb 2021 | Cold/Wind Chill | Cold | — | — | — | — | 3 | Forecast zone |
| 3 Feb 1996 | Flood | Flood | — | — | — | — | 2 | Forecast zone |
| 7 Dec 2019 | Strong Wind | Wind | 46 mph | — | — | — | 2 | Forecast zone |
| 29 Dec 2010 | Strong Wind | Wind | 52 mph | $35K | — | — | 1 | Forecast zone |
| 21 Mar 2023 | Strong Wind | Wind | 25 mph | $10 | — | — | 1 | Forecast zone |
| 3 Apr 1999 | High Wind | Wind | 63 mph | — | — | — | 1 | Forecast zone |
| 5 Jun 2020 | Wildfire | Wildfire | — | — | — | — | 1 | Forecast zone |
| 19 May 2021 | Strong Wind | Wind | 44 mph | — | — | — | 1 | Forecast zone |
| 21 Mar 2023 | Strong Wind | Wind | 20 mph | — | — | — | 1 | Forecast zone |
| 4 Feb 2025 | Strong Wind | Wind | 20 mph | — | — | — | 1 | Forecast zone |
| 11 Jan 2001 | Flood | Flood | — | $5.0M | — | — | — | Forecast zone |
Ranked by deaths, then injuries, then NCEI's damage estimate. Deaths and injuries are NCEI counts (direct plus indirect); no personal details are recorded here.
Federal disaster declarations
| Declared | Number | Type | Incident | Title | Programs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 Apr 2023 | DR-4699 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Winter Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, And Mudslides | Public assistance |
| 10 Mar 2023 | EM-3592 | Emergency | Flood | Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, Landslides, And Mudslides | Public assistance |
| 14 Jan 2023 | DR-4683 | Major disaster | Flood | Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, Landslides, And Mudslides | Public assistance |
| 9 Jan 2023 | EM-3591 | Emergency | Flood | Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, And Mudslides | Public assistance |
| 22 Mar 2020 | DR-4482 | Major disaster | Biological | Covid-19 Pandemic | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 13 Mar 2020 | EM-3428 | Emergency | Biological | Covid-19 | Public assistance |
| 13 Sep 2005 | EM-3248 | Emergency | Hurricane | Hurricane Katrina Evacuation | Public assistance |
| 9 Feb 1998 | DR-1203 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Winter Storms And Flooding | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 4 Jan 1997 | DR-1155 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Flooding, Mud And Landslides | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 12 Mar 1995 | DR-1046 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Winter Storms, Flooding Landslides, Mud Flow | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 18 Oct 1989 | DR-845 | Major disaster | Earthquake | Loma Prieta Earthquake | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
Declarations in which FEMA designated this county, from the OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries (v2). DR: major disaster; EM: emergency; FM: fire management assistance. Programs show whether individual or public assistance was made available.
Flood insurance claims
| Year of loss | Claims | Paid claims | Amount paid | Average paid |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 1 | 1 | $253,900 | $253,900 |
| 2024 | 4 | 2 | $63,146 | $31,573 |
| 2023 | 3 | 0 | $0 | — |
| 2022 | 4 | 4 | $443,190 | $110,797 |
| 2019 | 5 | 5 | $333,120 | $66,624 |
| 2017 | 1 | 1 | $2,785 | $2,785 |
| 2011 | 1 | 0 | $0 | — |
| 2005 | 1 | 1 | $2,317 | $2,317 |
| 1986 | 13 | 12 | $336,648 | $28,054 |
| 1985 | 1 | 0 | $0 | — |
| 1983 | 13 | 6 | $30,702 | $5,117 |
| 1982 | 45 | 29 | $1,243,962 | $42,895 |
| 1981 | 9 | 6 | $37,896 | $6,316 |
| 1980 | 14 | 10 | $56,368 | $5,637 |
| 1979 | 8 | 6 | $41,329 | $6,888 |
| 1978 | 24 | 19 | $71,346 | $3,755 |
OpenFEMA NFIP claims (v3, as of 8 Sep 2026), aggregated by year of loss; amounts are building, contents and increased-cost-of-compliance payments as recorded. Repetitive-loss counts from the NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (2 Aug 2026); policies in force from the NFIP Residential Penetration Rates file (3 Aug 2026).
National Risk Index
| Hazard (NRI) | Risk rating | Expected annual loss |
|---|---|---|
| Earthquake | $662,134,761 | |
| Inland flooding | $177,730,299 | |
| Tsunami | $6,010,891 | |
| Heat wave | $4,693,628 | |
| Landslide | $828,763 | |
| Tornado | $652,324 | |
| Coastal flooding | $638,024 | |
| Drought | $488,271 | |
| Lightning | $104,431 | |
| Strong wind | $73,819 | |
| Hail | $62,184 | |
| Wildfire | $12,595 | |
| Volcanic activity | $1 | |
| Winter weather | $0 |
FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025 release. Ratings are FEMA's relative comparison of counties; expected annual loss is FEMA's modelled estimate of average yearly building, population and agriculture loss. See how to read the NRI.
Hurricane and tropical storm passes
No HURDAT2 track at tropical-storm strength passes within 100 miles of the county's centre point (through the 2025 season).
ZIP codes with flood claims
ZIP codes whose NFIP claims carry this county's code, with the number of claims. Five or more claims are needed for a ZIP page to be indexed.
Questions and answers
How often does it hail in San Francisco County, CA?
NCEI records 10 hail events in San Francisco County since 1950, in 6 different years; that is about 0.1 recorded events a year. 0 reports were golf-ball size (1.75 in) or larger.
Has San Francisco County had a tornado?
NCEI records no tornado in San Francisco County since 1950.
When was the last federal disaster declaration for San Francisco County?
3 Apr 2023: Severe Winter Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, And Mudslides, a major disaster declaration for severe storm. The county appears in 11 declarations since 1953.
How many flood insurance claims have been filed in San Francisco County, and how much was paid?
147 NFIP claims since 1978, 102 of them paid, for $2.9M in total. FEMA publishes these figures redacted and aggregated; individual properties are not identified.
Is San Francisco County in the National Risk Index's high-risk band?
FEMA's National Risk Index (December 2025) rates the county "Very High" for overall risk, "Relatively High" for expected annual loss, "Relatively Moderate" for social vulnerability and "Very High" for community resilience. These ratings are FEMA's relative comparison across all US counties.
How does San Francisco County compare with the rest of California?
577.7 recorded events per 100 square miles against 26.2 statewide, and 0.2 NFIP claims per 1,000 residents against 1.4. The comparison table on this page shows each measure beside the state and national figures.
Provenance
Storm events: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, yearly details files through 30 Jun 2026 (public domain). Declarations: OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, refreshed 1 Oct 2026. Flood claims: OpenFEMA NfipClaims v3 as of 8 Sep 2026; NfipMultipleLossProperties v1 (2 Aug 2026); NfipResidentialPenetrationRates v1 (3 Aug 2026). Risk index: FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025. Hurricane tracks: NHC HURDAT2 through 2025. Population and area: US Census Bureau, 2021 vintage. Built 1 Oct 2026; see the methodology and corrections pages. Hazard hubs: Hail · Tornado · Flood · Wind · Winter.