States › Florida › Clay County
Clay County, Florida
Recorded hazard history: storm events since 1950, federal disaster declarations since 1953, flood insurance claims since 1978, and FEMA's risk index.
NCEI notes that Storm Data is compiled from a variety of sources including the National Weather Service, other federal, state and local agencies, the media and the public; that property and crop damage figures are estimates; and that some events are recorded by NWS forecast zone rather than by county. FEMA notes that NFIP claim records are redacted and aggregated to protect the privacy of policyholders. NCEI storm records through 30 Jun 2026; OpenFEMA declarations refreshed 1 Oct 2026; NFIP claims as of 8 Sep 2026.
Clay County, Florida, has 631 weather events in the NCEI Storm Events record since 1950, most of them damaging wind.
That is 104.4 events per 100 square miles, above the Florida figure of 73.8, and 28.4 per 10,000 residents against 18.2 statewide.
17 events fall in the 12 months to 30 Jun 2026. NCEI attributes 2 deaths and 21 injuries to events in the county, with property damage estimated at $6.7M and crop damage at $850.
FEMA has designated the county in 39 federal disaster declarations since 1953; the most recent is Railroad Complex Fire (fire management assistance, 22 Apr 2026).
National Flood Insurance Program policyholders in the county filed 1,744 claims since 1978, of which 1,383 were paid, totalling $76M (about $55K per paid claim). FEMA counts 4,005 residential flood policies in force.
FEMA's National Risk Index rates the county's overall risk as "Relatively Moderate" and its expected annual loss as "Relatively Moderate" ($57M a year across 18 hazards).
118 tropical storm or hurricane tracks in the HURDAT2 record passed within 100 miles of the county's centre at tropical-storm strength or more, 6 of them within 50 miles at hurricane strength.
Compared with Florida and the United States
| Measure | Clay County | Florida | US |
|---|---|---|---|
| Recorded events since 1950 | 631 | 39,578 | 1,977,440 |
| Events per 100 square miles | 104.4 | 73.8 | 56.0 |
| Events per 10,000 residents | 28.4 | 18.2 | 59.6 |
| Events in the last 12 months | 17 | 1,307 | 62,008 |
| Deaths recorded by NCEI | 2 | 890 | 26,435 |
| Property damage (NCEI estimates) | $6.7M | $80B | $575B |
| NFIP claims per 1,000 residents | 7.8 | 20.6 | 8.1 |
| Average paid NFIP claim | $55K | $62K | $43K |
| Claims per 100 policies in force, last 10 years | 21.5 | 18.3 | 16.1 |
County-recorded events plus zone-recorded events whose forecast zone is named for the county. State and US rows include events recorded only by forecast zone. Rates use 2021 Census population and land area.
Events by decade
Trend: 389 events in the 20 years to 2025 against 177 in the 20 years before. Reporting practice changed in 1996 and again with automated reports in the 2000s, so decade totals measure the record as much as the weather.
Events by type
Hazard pages exist for hail, tornado, flood, wind and winter where the county has at least 10 recorded events. "Other" covers heavy rain, debris flow, dust, funnel clouds and similar reports.
Largest recorded events
| Date | Event type | Group | Magnitude | Property damage | Crop damage | Deaths | Injuries | Geography |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28 May 2020 | Lightning | Lightning | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | County |
| 21 Apr 1991 | Thunderstorm Wind | Wind | 0 mph | — | — | 1 | — | County |
| 7 Jun 2001 | Lightning | Lightning | — | — | — | — | 5 | County |
| 22 Jan 1972 | Tornado | Tornado | F2 | $3K | — | — | 4 | County |
| 27 Feb 1984 | Tornado | Tornado | F2 | $250K | — | — | 2 | County |
| 10 Jul 1998 | Wildfire | Wildfire | — | — | — | — | 2 | County |
| 6 Feb 2020 | Thunderstorm Wind | Wind | 69 mph | — | — | — | 2 | County |
| 9 Jun 2018 | Lightning | Lightning | — | $1.0M | — | — | 1 | County |
| 6 Feb 1975 | Tornado | Tornado | F1 | $250K | — | — | 1 | County |
| 9 Mar 1999 | Wildfire | Wildfire | — | — | — | — | 1 | County |
| 21 Jan 2010 | Thunderstorm Wind | Wind | 58 mph | — | — | — | 1 | County |
| 23 Apr 1983 | Tornado | Tornado | F1 | $2.5M | — | — | — | County |
| 29 Mar 2001 | Tornado | Tornado | F2 | $1.1M | — | — | — | County |
| 1 Mar 1998 | Flood | Flood | — | $370K | — | — | — | Forecast zone |
| 31 Jul 2023 | Lightning | Lightning | — | $240K | — | — | — | County |
Ranked by deaths, then injuries, then NCEI's damage estimate. Deaths and injuries are NCEI counts (direct plus indirect); no personal details are recorded here.
Federal disaster declarations
| Declared | Number | Type | Incident | Title | Programs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 22 Apr 2026 | FM-5631 | Fire management assistance | Fire | Railroad Complex Fire | Public assistance |
| 11 Oct 2024 | DR-4834 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Hurricane Milton | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 7 Oct 2024 | EM-3622 | Emergency | Hurricane | Hurricane Milton | Public assistance |
| 28 Sep 2024 | DR-4828 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Hurricane Helene | Public assistance |
| 10 Aug 2024 | DR-4806 | Major disaster | Tropical Storm | Hurricane Debby | Public assistance |
| 3 Aug 2024 | EM-3605 | Emergency | Tropical Storm | Tropical Storm Debby | Public assistance |
| 31 Aug 2023 | DR-4734 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Hurricane Idalia | Public assistance |
| 28 Aug 2023 | EM-3596 | Emergency | Tropical Storm | Tropical Storm Idalia | Public assistance |
| 13 Dec 2022 | DR-4680 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Hurricane Nicole | Public assistance |
| 8 Nov 2022 | EM-3587 | Emergency | Tropical Storm | Tropical Storm Nicole | Public assistance |
| 29 Sep 2022 | DR-4673 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Hurricane Ian | Public assistance |
| 24 Sep 2022 | EM-3584 | Emergency | Hurricane | Tropical Storm Ian | Public assistance |
| 4 Jul 2021 | EM-3561 | Emergency | Severe Storm | Tropical Storm Elsa | Public assistance |
| 1 Aug 2020 | EM-3533 | Emergency | Hurricane | Hurricane Isaias | Public assistance |
| 25 Mar 2020 | DR-4486 | Major disaster | Biological | Covid-19 Pandemic | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 13 Mar 2020 | EM-3432 | Emergency | Biological | Covid-19 | Public assistance |
| 30 Aug 2019 | EM-3419 | Emergency | Hurricane | Hurricane Dorian | Public assistance |
| 10 Sep 2017 | DR-4337 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Hurricane Irma | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 5 Sep 2017 | EM-3385 | Emergency | Hurricane | Hurricane Irma | Public assistance |
| 8 Oct 2016 | DR-4283 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Hurricane Matthew | Public assistance |
| 6 Oct 2016 | EM-3377 | Emergency | Hurricane | Hurricane Matthew | Public assistance |
| 3 Jul 2012 | DR-4068 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Tropical Storm Debby | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 27 May 2009 | DR-1840 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Flooding, Tornadoes, And Straight-Line Winds | Public assistance |
| 24 Aug 2008 | DR-1785 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Tropical Storm Fay | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 21 Aug 2008 | EM-3288 | Emergency | Severe Storm | Tropical Storm Fay | Public assistance |
| 7 May 2007 | FM-2689 | Fire management assistance | Fire | Suwannee Fire Complex | Public assistance |
| 5 Sep 2005 | EM-3220 | Emergency | Hurricane | Hurricane Katrina Evacuation | Public assistance |
| 26 Sep 2004 | DR-1561 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Hurricane Jeanne | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 16 Sep 2004 | DR-1551 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Hurricane Ivan | Individual assistance |
| 4 Sep 2004 | DR-1545 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Hurricane Frances | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 13 Aug 2004 | DR-1539 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Tropical Storm Bonnie And Hurricane Charley | Public assistance |
| 5 Feb 2001 | DR-1359 | Major disaster | Freezing | Severe Freeze | Individual assistance |
| 2 Jun 2000 | FM-2305 | Fire management assistance | Fire | Fl, Jacksonville Fire Complex | Public assistance |
| 14 May 1999 | FM-2262 | Fire management assistance | Fire | Jacksonville District Fire | Public assistance |
| 27 Apr 1999 | EM-3139 | Emergency | Fire | Fl-Fires 04/15/99 | Public assistance |
| 18 Jun 1998 | DR-1223 | Major disaster | Fire | Extreme Fire Hazard | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 6 Jan 1998 | DR-1195 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, High Winds, Tornadoes, And Flooding | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 15 Oct 1996 | DR-1141 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Tropical Storm Josephine | Individual assistance |
| 8 Oct 1992 | DR-966 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
Declarations in which FEMA designated this county, from the OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries (v2). DR: major disaster; EM: emergency; FM: fire management assistance. Programs show whether individual or public assistance was made available.
Flood insurance claims
| Year of loss | Claims | Paid claims | Amount paid | Average paid |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 4 | 1 | $82,980 | $82,980 |
| 2024 | 4 | 3 | $189,813 | $63,271 |
| 2023 | 5 | 1 | $12,248 | $12,248 |
| 2022 | 39 | 33 | $1,866,824 | $56,570 |
| 2021 | 5 | 5 | $33,530 | $6,706 |
| 2020 | 2 | 2 | $32,138 | $16,069 |
| 2019 | 3 | 0 | $0 | — |
| 2018 | 5 | 4 | $191,797 | $47,949 |
| 2017 | 793 | 691 | $61,163,838 | $88,515 |
| 2016 | 56 | 33 | $1,162,648 | $35,232 |
| 2015 | 3 | 0 | $0 | — |
| 2014 | 2 | 1 | $2,893 | $2,893 |
| 2013 | 35 | 25 | $616,761 | $24,670 |
| 2012 | 190 | 151 | $4,677,076 | $30,974 |
| 2011 | 1 | 1 | $2,074 | $2,074 |
| 2010 | 2 | 0 | $0 | — |
| 2009 | 50 | 43 | $921,818 | $21,438 |
| 2008 | 58 | 46 | $596,376 | $12,965 |
| 2007 | 31 | 21 | $163,341 | $7,778 |
| 2005 | 6 | 4 | $32,718 | $8,180 |
| 2004 | 119 | 71 | $1,507,976 | $21,239 |
| 2003 | 9 | 6 | $35,688 | $5,948 |
| 2002 | 2 | 1 | $4,274 | $4,274 |
| 2001 | 17 | 12 | $107,366 | $8,947 |
| 2000 | 15 | 8 | $103,912 | $12,989 |
OpenFEMA NFIP claims (v3, as of 8 Sep 2026), aggregated by year of loss; amounts are building, contents and increased-cost-of-compliance payments as recorded. Repetitive-loss counts from the NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (2 Aug 2026); policies in force from the NFIP Residential Penetration Rates file (3 Aug 2026).
National Risk Index
| Hazard (NRI) | Risk rating | Expected annual loss |
|---|---|---|
| Inland flooding | $35,179,778 | |
| Hurricane | $9,330,056 | |
| Tornado | $6,020,438 | |
| Heat wave | $2,214,239 | |
| Lightning | $1,792,729 | |
| Earthquake | $764,081 | |
| Wildfire | $715,974 | |
| Coastal flooding | $463,946 | |
| Strong wind | $406,059 | |
| Cold wave | $206,171 | |
| Hail | $20,615 | |
| Winter weather | $7,956 | |
| Drought | $2,939 | |
| Landslide | $316 |
FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025 release. Ratings are FEMA's relative comparison of counties; expected annual loss is FEMA's modelled estimate of average yearly building, population and agriculture loss. See how to read the NRI.
Hurricane and tropical storm passes
| Storm | Year | Closest approach | Max wind while within 100 mi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debby | 2024 | 62 mi | 81 mph |
| Idalia | 2023 | 98 mi | 115 mph |
| Nicole | 2022 | 87 mi | 46 mph |
| Elsa | 2021 | 94 mi | 63 mph |
| Eta | 2020 | 43 mi | 52 mph |
| Irma | 2017 | 57 mi | 58 mph |
| Colin | 2016 | 51 mi | 52 mph |
| Julia | 2016 | 25 mi | 52 mph |
| Matthew | 2016 | 73 mi | 115 mph |
| Andrea | 2013 | 69 mi | 58 mph |
| Beryl | 2012 | 18 mi | 69 mph |
| Debby | 2012 | 93 mi | 40 mph |
| Fay | 2008 | 34 mi | 63 mph |
| Ernesto | 2006 | 97 mi | 52 mph |
| Tammy | 2005 | 39 mi | 52 mph |
| Charley | 2004 | 64 mi | 86 mph |
| Jeanne | 2004 | 69 mi | 52 mph |
| Edouard | 2002 | 61 mi | 40 mph |
| Kyle | 2002 | 80 mi | 40 mph |
| Gabrielle | 2001 | 100 mi | 46 mph |
| Gordon | 2000 | 69 mi | 63 mph |
| Josephine | 1996 | 68 mi | 52 mph |
| Chris | 1988 | 85 mi | 52 mph |
| Bob | 1985 | 89 mi | 75 mph |
| Isabel | 1985 | 51 mi | 46 mph |
HURDAT2 best-track positions at tropical-storm strength (34 kt) or more, measured from the county's Census centre point; through the 2025 season. Distance from a track is not the same as the extent of the storm's wind, rain or surge.
ZIP codes with flood claims
ZIP codes whose NFIP claims carry this county's code, with the number of claims. Five or more claims are needed for a ZIP page to be indexed.
Questions and answers
How often does it hail in Clay County, FL?
NCEI records 120 hail events in Clay County since 1950, in 41 different years; that is about 1.6 recorded events a year. 17 reports were golf-ball size (1.75 in) or larger.
Has Clay County had a tornado?
Yes. NCEI records 27 tornadoes in Clay County since 1950, 6 of them rated (E)F2 or stronger. Tornado deaths recorded: 0.
When was the last federal disaster declaration for Clay County?
22 Apr 2026: Railroad Complex Fire, a fire management assistance declaration for fire. The county appears in 39 declarations since 1953.
How many flood insurance claims have been filed in Clay County, and how much was paid?
1,744 NFIP claims since 1978, 1,383 of them paid, for $76M in total. FEMA publishes these figures redacted and aggregated; individual properties are not identified.
Is Clay County in the National Risk Index's high-risk band?
FEMA's National Risk Index (December 2025) rates the county "Relatively Moderate" for overall risk, "Relatively Moderate" for expected annual loss, "Very Low" for social vulnerability and "Relatively Moderate" for community resilience. These ratings are FEMA's relative comparison across all US counties.
How does Clay County compare with the rest of Florida?
104.4 recorded events per 100 square miles against 73.8 statewide, and 7.8 NFIP claims per 1,000 residents against 20.6. The comparison table on this page shows each measure beside the state and national figures.
Provenance
Storm events: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, yearly details files through 30 Jun 2026 (public domain). Declarations: OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, refreshed 1 Oct 2026. Flood claims: OpenFEMA NfipClaims v3 as of 8 Sep 2026; NfipMultipleLossProperties v1 (2 Aug 2026); NfipResidentialPenetrationRates v1 (3 Aug 2026). Risk index: FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025. Hurricane tracks: NHC HURDAT2 through 2025. Population and area: US Census Bureau, 2021 vintage. Built 1 Oct 2026; see the methodology and corrections pages. Hazard hubs: Hail · Tornado · Flood · Wind · Winter.