States › Kentucky › Madison County
Madison County, Kentucky
Recorded hazard history: storm events since 1950, federal disaster declarations since 1953, flood insurance claims since 1978, and FEMA's risk index.
NCEI notes that Storm Data is compiled from a variety of sources including the National Weather Service, other federal, state and local agencies, the media and the public; that property and crop damage figures are estimates; and that some events are recorded by NWS forecast zone rather than by county. FEMA notes that NFIP claim records are redacted and aggregated to protect the privacy of policyholders. NCEI storm records through 30 Jun 2026; OpenFEMA declarations refreshed 1 Oct 2026; NFIP claims as of 8 Sep 2026.
The NCEI record lists 459 events for Madison County, Kentucky, between 1950 and 2026; damaging wind account for the largest share.
That is 104.9 events per 100 square miles, below the Kentucky figure of 140.0, and 48.5 per 10,000 residents against 122.6 statewide.
15 events fall in the 12 months to 30 Jun 2026. NCEI attributes 21 deaths and 66 injuries to events in the county, with property damage estimated at $41M.
FEMA has designated the county in 28 federal disaster declarations since 1953; the most recent is Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, And Mudslides (major disaster, 1 Sep 2026).
National Flood Insurance Program policyholders in the county filed 138 claims since 1978, of which 117 were paid, totalling $3.5M (about $30K per paid claim). FEMA counts 219 residential flood policies in force.
FEMA's National Risk Index rates the county's overall risk as "Relatively Low" and its expected annual loss as "Relatively Low" ($37M a year across 18 hazards).
6 tropical storm or hurricane tracks in the HURDAT2 record passed within 100 miles of the county's centre at tropical-storm strength or more, 0 of them within 50 miles at hurricane strength.
Compared with Kentucky and the United States
| Measure | Madison County | Kentucky | US |
|---|---|---|---|
| Recorded events since 1950 | 459 | 55,285 | 1,977,440 |
| Events per 100 square miles | 104.9 | 140.0 | 56.0 |
| Events per 10,000 residents | 48.5 | 122.6 | 59.6 |
| Events in the last 12 months | 15 | 1,254 | 62,008 |
| Deaths recorded by NCEI | 21 | 599 | 26,435 |
| Property damage (NCEI estimates) | $41M | $3.5B | $575B |
| NFIP claims per 1,000 residents | 1.5 | 6.2 | 8.1 |
| Average paid NFIP claim | $30K | $22K | $43K |
| Claims per 100 policies in force, last 10 years | 25.6 | 37.3 | 16.1 |
County-recorded events plus zone-recorded events whose forecast zone is named for the county. State and US rows include events recorded only by forecast zone. Rates use 2021 Census population and land area.
Events by decade
Trend: 316 events in the 20 years to 2025 against 97 in the 20 years before. Reporting practice changed in 1996 and again with automated reports in the 2000s, so decade totals measure the record as much as the weather.
Events by type
Hazard pages exist for hail, tornado, flood, wind and winter where the county has at least 10 recorded events. "Other" covers heavy rain, debris flow, dust, funnel clouds and similar reports.
Largest recorded events
| Date | Event type | Group | Magnitude | Property damage | Crop damage | Deaths | Injuries | Geography |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 Apr 1974 | Tornado | Tornado | F4 | — | — | 7 | 20 | County |
| 8 May 2009 | Tornado | Tornado | EF3 | — | — | 2 | 15 | County |
| 21 Aug 2013 | Lightning | Lightning | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | County |
| 27 Jun 2026 | Flash Flood | Flood | — | — | — | 2 | — | County |
| 2 May 2010 | Flash Flood | Flood | — | $20K | — | 1 | — | County |
| 14 Apr 2015 | Flood | Flood | — | $20K | — | 1 | — | County |
| 18 Feb 2000 | Flash Flood | Flood | — | $10K | — | 1 | — | County |
| 14 Jun 2003 | Flash Flood | Flood | — | $2K | — | 1 | — | County |
| 5 Sep 1996 | Lightning | Lightning | — | — | — | 1 | — | County |
| 16 Feb 2015 | Cold/Wind Chill | Cold | — | — | — | 1 | — | Forecast zone |
| 24 Jan 2026 | Winter Storm | Winter | — | — | — | 1 | — | Forecast zone |
| 27 Jun 2026 | Flash Flood | Flood | — | — | — | 1 | — | County |
| 20 Apr 1996 | Tornado | Tornado | F2 | $13M | — | — | 10 | County |
| 22 Jun 2016 | Lightning | Lightning | — | — | — | — | 4 | County |
| 21 May 1990 | Tornado | Tornado | F2 | $25M | — | — | 1 | County |
| 11 Jan 2020 | Thunderstorm Wind | Wind | 92 mph | — | — | — | 3 | County |
| 4 Mar 1955 | Tornado | Tornado | F3 | $250K | — | — | 2 | County |
| 24 Apr 1955 | Tornado | Tornado | F1 | $25K | — | — | 2 | County |
| 8 May 2009 | Thunderstorm Wind | Wind | 81 mph | — | — | — | 2 | County |
| 19 Aug 1972 | Tornado | Tornado | F2 | $250K | — | — | 1 | County |
Ranked by deaths, then injuries, then NCEI's damage estimate. Deaths and injuries are NCEI counts (direct plus indirect); no personal details are recorded here.
Federal disaster declarations
| Declared | Number | Type | Incident | Title | Programs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sep 2026 | DR-4937 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, And Mudslides | Public assistance |
| 24 Jan 2026 | EM-3633 | Emergency | Winter Storm | Severe Winter Storm | Public assistance |
| 24 Apr 2025 | DR-4864 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, Flooding, Landslides, And Mudslides | Public assistance |
| 3 Apr 2025 | EM-3626 | Emergency | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, And Flooding | Public assistance |
| 16 Feb 2025 | EM-3624 | Emergency | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, And Landslides | Public assistance |
| 10 Apr 2023 | DR-4702 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, Flooding, Landslides, And Mudslides | Public assistance |
| 23 Apr 2021 | DR-4595 | Major disaster | Flood | Severe, Storms, Flooding, Landslides, And Mudslides | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 31 Mar 2021 | DR-4592 | Major disaster | Severe Ice Storm | Severe Winter Storms, Landslides, And Mudslides | Public assistance |
| 28 Mar 2020 | DR-4497 | Major disaster | Biological | Covid-19 Pandemic | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 13 Mar 2020 | EM-3469 | Emergency | Biological | Covid-19 | Public assistance |
| 17 Apr 2019 | DR-4428 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, And Mudslides | Public assistance |
| 1 May 2015 | DR-4217 | Major disaster | Flood | Severe Storms, Tornadoes, Flooding, Landslides, And Mudslides | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 23 Jul 2010 | DR-1925 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Flooding, And Mudslides | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 11 May 2010 | DR-1912 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Flooding, Mudslides, And Tornadoes | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 29 May 2009 | DR-1841 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes, Flooding And Mudslides | Public assistance |
| 5 Feb 2009 | DR-1818 | Major disaster | Severe Ice Storm | Severe Winter Storm And Flooding | Public assistance |
| 28 Jan 2009 | EM-3302 | Emergency | Severe Ice Storm | Severe Winter Storm | Public assistance |
| 10 Sep 2005 | EM-3231 | Emergency | Hurricane | Hurricane Katrina | Public assistance |
| 10 Jun 2004 | DR-1523 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes, Flooding, And Mudslides | Individual assistance |
| 3 Jun 2003 | DR-1471 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Flooding, Mud And Rock Slides, And Tornadoes | Individual assistance |
| 3 Mar 1998 | DR-1207 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Winter Storm | Public assistance |
| 13 Jan 1996 | DR-1089 | Major disaster | Snowstorm | Blizzard Of 96 | Public assistance |
| 16 Mar 1994 | DR-1018 | Major disaster | Snowstorm | Severe Weather, Freezing Rain, Sleet, Snw | Public assistance |
| 16 Mar 1993 | EM-3104 | Emergency | Snowstorm | Severe Snowfall & Winter Storm | Public assistance |
| 24 Feb 1989 | DR-821 | Major disaster | Flood | Severe Storms & Flooding | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 12 Dec 1978 | DR-568 | Major disaster | Flood | Severe Storms & Flooding | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 4 Apr 1974 | DR-420 | Major disaster | Tornado | Tornadoes | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 15 May 1972 | DR-332 | Major disaster | Flood | Heavy Rains & Flooding | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
Declarations in which FEMA designated this county, from the OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries (v2). DR: major disaster; EM: emergency; FM: fire management assistance. Programs show whether individual or public assistance was made available.
Flood insurance claims
| Year of loss | Claims | Paid claims | Amount paid | Average paid |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 19 | 15 | $622,834 | $41,522 |
| 2025 | 13 | 10 | $572,210 | $57,221 |
| 2023 | 3 | 3 | $41,323 | $13,774 |
| 2022 | 3 | 3 | $38,933 | $12,978 |
| 2021 | 13 | 13 | $593,956 | $45,689 |
| 2020 | 2 | 2 | $15,847 | $7,924 |
| 2019 | 3 | 3 | $100,397 | $33,466 |
| 2016 | 3 | 3 | $16,511 | $5,504 |
| 2015 | 19 | 14 | $363,702 | $25,979 |
| 2014 | 6 | 5 | $74,071 | $14,814 |
| 2013 | 3 | 3 | $96,276 | $32,092 |
| 2011 | 1 | 1 | $16,625 | $16,625 |
| 2010 | 33 | 28 | $852,026 | $30,429 |
| 2004 | 4 | 4 | $34,150 | $8,538 |
| 2003 | 3 | 3 | $33,935 | $11,312 |
| 1998 | 1 | 1 | $1,872 | $1,872 |
| 1997 | 1 | 1 | $4,974 | $4,974 |
| 1992 | 1 | 1 | $2,045 | $2,045 |
| 1991 | 1 | 0 | $0 | — |
| 1990 | 1 | 1 | $106 | $106 |
| 1989 | 1 | 1 | $4,257 | $4,257 |
| 1984 | 2 | 2 | $11,567 | $5,784 |
| 1980 | 1 | 0 | $0 | — |
| 1979 | 1 | 0 | $0 | — |
OpenFEMA NFIP claims (v3, as of 8 Sep 2026), aggregated by year of loss; amounts are building, contents and increased-cost-of-compliance payments as recorded. Repetitive-loss counts from the NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (2 Aug 2026); policies in force from the NFIP Residential Penetration Rates file (3 Aug 2026).
National Risk Index
| Hazard (NRI) | Risk rating | Expected annual loss |
|---|---|---|
| Inland flooding | $18,159,105 | |
| Tornado | $5,751,020 | |
| Cold wave | $5,028,285 | |
| Strong wind | $2,045,224 | |
| Lightning | $1,841,245 | |
| Earthquake | $1,389,527 | |
| Hail | $1,102,814 | |
| Heat wave | $657,944 | |
| Winter weather | $318,133 | |
| Ice storm | $277,498 | |
| Hurricane | $83,060 | |
| Wildfire | $56,892 | |
| Drought | $5,097 | |
| Landslide | $1,339 | |
| Avalanche | $69 |
FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025 release. Ratings are FEMA's relative comparison of counties; expected annual loss is FEMA's modelled estimate of average yearly building, population and agriculture loss. See how to read the NRI.
Hurricane and tropical storm passes
| Storm | Year | Closest approach | Max wind while within 100 mi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Helene | 2024 | 73 mi | 46 mph |
| Opal | 1995 | 68 mi | 46 mph |
| Frederic | 1979 | 52 mi | 40 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1915 | 89 mi | 40 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1892 | 89 mi | 46 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1888 | 44 mi | 52 mph |
HURDAT2 best-track positions at tropical-storm strength (34 kt) or more, measured from the county's Census centre point; through the 2025 season. Distance from a track is not the same as the extent of the storm's wind, rain or surge.
ZIP codes with flood claims
ZIP codes whose NFIP claims carry this county's code, with the number of claims. Five or more claims are needed for a ZIP page to be indexed.
Questions and answers
How often does it hail in Madison County, KY?
NCEI records 80 hail events in Madison County since 1950, in 30 different years; that is about 1.0 recorded events a year. 23 reports were golf-ball size (1.75 in) or larger.
Has Madison County had a tornado?
Yes. NCEI records 18 tornadoes in Madison County since 1950, 8 of them rated (E)F2 or stronger. Tornado deaths recorded: 9.
When was the last federal disaster declaration for Madison County?
1 Sep 2026: Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, Landslides, And Mudslides, a major disaster declaration for severe storm. The county appears in 28 declarations since 1953.
How many flood insurance claims have been filed in Madison County, and how much was paid?
138 NFIP claims since 1978, 117 of them paid, for $3.5M in total. FEMA publishes these figures redacted and aggregated; individual properties are not identified.
Is Madison County in the National Risk Index's high-risk band?
FEMA's National Risk Index (December 2025) rates the county "Relatively Low" for overall risk, "Relatively Low" for expected annual loss, "Relatively Low" for social vulnerability and "Relatively High" for community resilience. These ratings are FEMA's relative comparison across all US counties.
How does Madison County compare with the rest of Kentucky?
104.9 recorded events per 100 square miles against 140.0 statewide, and 1.5 NFIP claims per 1,000 residents against 6.2. The comparison table on this page shows each measure beside the state and national figures.
Provenance
Storm events: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, yearly details files through 30 Jun 2026 (public domain). Declarations: OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, refreshed 1 Oct 2026. Flood claims: OpenFEMA NfipClaims v3 as of 8 Sep 2026; NfipMultipleLossProperties v1 (2 Aug 2026); NfipResidentialPenetrationRates v1 (3 Aug 2026). Risk index: FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025. Hurricane tracks: NHC HURDAT2 through 2025. Population and area: US Census Bureau, 2021 vintage. Built 1 Oct 2026; see the methodology and corrections pages. Hazard hubs: Hail · Tornado · Flood · Wind · Winter.