States › Mississippi › Madison County
Madison County, Mississippi
Recorded hazard history: storm events since 1950, federal disaster declarations since 1953, flood insurance claims since 1978, and FEMA's risk index.
NCEI notes that Storm Data is compiled from a variety of sources including the National Weather Service, other federal, state and local agencies, the media and the public; that property and crop damage figures are estimates; and that some events are recorded by NWS forecast zone rather than by county. FEMA notes that NFIP claim records are redacted and aggregated to protect the privacy of policyholders. NCEI storm records through 30 Jun 2026; OpenFEMA declarations refreshed 1 Oct 2026; NFIP claims as of 8 Sep 2026.
The NCEI record lists 909 events for Madison County, Mississippi, between 1950 and 2026; damaging wind account for the largest share.
That is 127.2 events per 100 square miles, above the Mississippi figure of 89.7, and 82.8 per 10,000 residents against 142.8 statewide.
24 events fall in the 12 months to 30 Jun 2026. NCEI attributes 15 deaths and 223 injuries to events in the county, with property damage estimated at $379M and crop damage at $39M.
FEMA has designated the county in 26 federal disaster declarations since 1953; the most recent is Severe Winter Storm (major disaster, 6 Feb 2026).
National Flood Insurance Program policyholders in the county filed 1,003 claims since 1978, of which 766 were paid, totalling $10M (about $13K per paid claim). FEMA counts 650 residential flood policies in force.
FEMA's National Risk Index rates the county's overall risk as "Relatively Moderate" and its expected annual loss as "Relatively Moderate" ($54M a year across 18 hazards).
35 tropical storm or hurricane tracks in the HURDAT2 record passed within 100 miles of the county's centre at tropical-storm strength or more, 1 of them within 50 miles at hurricane strength.
Compared with Mississippi and the United States
| Measure | Madison County | Mississippi | US |
|---|---|---|---|
| Recorded events since 1950 | 909 | 42,114 | 1,977,440 |
| Events per 100 square miles | 127.2 | 89.7 | 56.0 |
| Events per 10,000 residents | 82.8 | 142.8 | 59.6 |
| Events in the last 12 months | 24 | 1,524 | 62,008 |
| Deaths recorded by NCEI | 15 | 928 | 26,435 |
| Property damage (NCEI estimates) | $379M | $31B | $575B |
| NFIP claims per 1,000 residents | 9.1 | 21.9 | 8.1 |
| Average paid NFIP claim | $13K | $58K | $43K |
| Claims per 100 policies in force, last 10 years | 22.3 | 11.5 | 16.1 |
County-recorded events plus zone-recorded events whose forecast zone is named for the county. State and US rows include events recorded only by forecast zone. Rates use 2021 Census population and land area.
Events by decade
Trend: 558 events in the 20 years to 2025 against 271 in the 20 years before. Reporting practice changed in 1996 and again with automated reports in the 2000s, so decade totals measure the record as much as the weather.
Events by type
Hazard pages exist for hail, tornado, flood, wind and winter where the county has at least 10 recorded events. "Other" covers heavy rain, debris flow, dust, funnel clouds and similar reports.
Largest recorded events
| Date | Event type | Group | Magnitude | Property damage | Crop damage | Deaths | Injuries | Geography |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26 Feb 1958 | Tornado | Tornado | F3 | $250K | — | 6 | 12 | County |
| 29 Mar 1976 | Tornado | Tornado | F4 | $25M | — | 3 | 177 | County |
| 24 Nov 2001 | Tornado | Tornado | F4 | $12M | — | 2 | 21 | County |
| 9 Feb 1990 | Tornado | Tornado | F1 | $250K | — | 1 | 4 | County |
| 16 Jun 2023 | Thunderstorm Wind | Wind | 75 mph | $250K | — | 1 | — | County |
| 26 Jun 2000 | Heat | Heat | — | — | — | 1 | — | Forecast zone |
| 4 Mar 2025 | Strong Wind | Wind | 52 mph | — | — | 1 | — | Forecast zone |
| 29 Aug 2005 | Hurricane (Typhoon) | Tropical | — | $250M | $25M | — | — | Forecast zone |
| 6 Apr 2003 | Flash Flood | Flood | — | $50M | — | — | — | County |
| 19 May 1983 | Tornado | Tornado | F2 | $2.5M | — | — | 2 | County |
| 11 Nov 1995 | Tornado | Tornado | F3 | $500K | — | — | 2 | County |
| 4 Mar 2020 | Thunderstorm Wind | Wind | 90 mph | $1.5M | — | — | 1 | County |
| 18 May 1981 | Tornado | Tornado | F2 | $250K | — | — | 1 | County |
| 21 Mar 1952 | Tornado | Tornado | — | $3K | — | — | 1 | County |
| 5 Jun 2011 | Lightning | Lightning | — | — | — | — | 1 | County |
| 26 Apr 2026 | Thunderstorm Wind | Wind | 58 mph | — | — | — | 1 | County |
| 1 Nov 2023 | Drought | Drought | — | — | $7.5M | — | — | Forecast zone |
| 21 Dec 1990 | Tornado | Tornado | F3 | $2.5M | — | — | — | County |
| 6 Apr 2003 | Hail | Hail | 2.75 in | $2.0M | — | — | — | County |
| 13 Mar 2005 | Lightning | Lightning | — | $2.0M | — | — | — | County |
Ranked by deaths, then injuries, then NCEI's damage estimate. Deaths and injuries are NCEI counts (direct plus indirect); no personal details are recorded here.
Federal disaster declarations
| Declared | Number | Type | Incident | Title | Programs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 Feb 2026 | DR-4899 | Major disaster | Winter Storm | Severe Winter Storm | Public assistance |
| 24 Jan 2026 | EM-3640 | Emergency | Winter Storm | Severe Winter Storm | Public assistance |
| 10 Jun 2024 | DR-4790 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, And Flooding | Individual assistance |
| 12 Aug 2023 | DR-4727 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, And Tornadoes. | Public assistance |
| 22 Oct 2021 | DR-4626 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Hurricane Ida | Public assistance |
| 28 Aug 2021 | EM-3569 | Emergency | Hurricane | Hurricane Ida | Public assistance |
| 8 Oct 2020 | EM-3548 | Emergency | Hurricane | Hurricane Delta | Public assistance |
| 5 Apr 2020 | DR-4528 | Major disaster | Biological | Covid-19 Pandemic | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 13 Mar 2020 | EM-3474 | Emergency | Biological | Covid-19 | Public assistance |
| 30 Apr 2014 | DR-4175 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes, And Flooding | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 29 Aug 2012 | DR-4081 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Hurricane Isaac | Public assistance |
| 28 Aug 2012 | EM-3348 | Emergency | Hurricane | Tropical Storm Isaac | Public assistance |
| 30 Aug 2008 | EM-3291 | Emergency | Hurricane | Hurricane Gustav | Public assistance |
| 29 Aug 2005 | DR-1604 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Hurricane Katrina | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 10 Jul 2005 | DR-1594 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Hurricane Dennis | Public assistance |
| 24 Apr 2003 | DR-1459 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes, Floods | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 7 Dec 2001 | DR-1398 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes And Flooding | Individual assistance |
| 23 Feb 2001 | DR-1360 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms And Tornadoes | Individual assistance |
| 17 May 1991 | DR-906 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding | Individual assistance |
| 3 Jan 1991 | DR-888 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding | Individual assistance |
| 28 Feb 1990 | DR-859 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding | Individual assistance |
| 1 Jun 1983 | DR-683 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes, And Flooding | Individual assistance |
| 16 Apr 1979 | DR-577 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Storms, Tornadoes, Floods | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 22 Feb 1977 | EM-3032 | Emergency | Snowstorm | Drought & Freezing | Public assistance |
| 1 Apr 1976 | DR-499 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 18 Aug 1969 | DR-271 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Hurricane Camille | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
Declarations in which FEMA designated this county, from the OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries (v2). DR: major disaster; EM: emergency; FM: fire management assistance. Programs show whether individual or public assistance was made available.
Flood insurance claims
| Year of loss | Claims | Paid claims | Amount paid | Average paid |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 2 | 2 | $97,856 | $48,928 |
| 2024 | 7 | 4 | $271,430 | $67,858 |
| 2023 | 1 | 1 | $18,653 | $18,653 |
| 2022 | 25 | 20 | $1,011,895 | $50,595 |
| 2021 | 3 | 0 | $0 | — |
| 2020 | 28 | 24 | $520,663 | $21,694 |
| 2019 | 21 | 15 | $442,296 | $29,486 |
| 2018 | 5 | 5 | $101,711 | $20,342 |
| 2017 | 53 | 47 | $1,984,400 | $42,221 |
| 2016 | 11 | 7 | $304,616 | $43,517 |
| 2014 | 9 | 7 | $80,374 | $11,482 |
| 2012 | 4 | 3 | $56,257 | $18,752 |
| 2011 | 35 | 25 | $355,840 | $14,234 |
| 2010 | 4 | 2 | $18,242 | $9,121 |
| 2009 | 4 | 3 | $25,008 | $8,336 |
| 2008 | 12 | 10 | $157,535 | $15,754 |
| 2007 | 2 | 1 | $10,666 | $10,666 |
| 2006 | 3 | 2 | $91,780 | $45,890 |
| 2005 | 12 | 2 | $46,821 | $23,411 |
| 2004 | 4 | 4 | $42,746 | $10,686 |
| 2003 | 44 | 34 | $1,046,629 | $30,783 |
| 2002 | 1 | 1 | $8,733 | $8,733 |
| 2001 | 17 | 12 | $124,589 | $10,382 |
| 2000 | 16 | 13 | $169,407 | $13,031 |
| 1999 | 4 | 2 | $26,633 | $13,317 |
OpenFEMA NFIP claims (v3, as of 8 Sep 2026), aggregated by year of loss; amounts are building, contents and increased-cost-of-compliance payments as recorded. Repetitive-loss counts from the NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (2 Aug 2026); policies in force from the NFIP Residential Penetration Rates file (3 Aug 2026).
National Risk Index
| Hazard (NRI) | Risk rating | Expected annual loss |
|---|---|---|
| Inland flooding | $19,975,306 | |
| Tornado | $15,348,243 | |
| Cold wave | $7,165,412 | |
| Heat wave | $3,183,231 | |
| Hail | $1,778,928 | |
| Hurricane | $1,634,436 | |
| Strong wind | $1,364,656 | |
| Earthquake | $1,276,243 | |
| Lightning | $898,796 | |
| Ice storm | $732,794 | |
| Drought | $678,027 | |
| Winter weather | $176,129 | |
| Wildfire | $68,007 | |
| Landslide | $1,620 |
FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025 release. Ratings are FEMA's relative comparison of counties; expected annual loss is FEMA's modelled estimate of average yearly building, population and agriculture loss. See how to read the NRI.
Hurricane and tropical storm passes
| Storm | Year | Closest approach | Max wind while within 100 mi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ida | 2021 | 40 mi | 46 mph |
| Delta | 2020 | 80 mi | 40 mph |
| Olga | 2019 | 65 mi | 52 mph |
| Katrina | 2005 | 54 mi | 58 mph |
| Isidore | 2002 | 33 mi | 46 mph |
| Erin | 1995 | 59 mi | 40 mph |
| Frederic | 1979 | 83 mi | 75 mph |
| Edith | 1971 | 58 mi | 46 mph |
| Camille | 1969 | 45 mi | 86 mph |
| Audrey | 1957 | 82 mi | 46 mph |
| Esther | 1957 | 88 mi | 40 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1949 | 98 mi | 40 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1948 | 59 mi | 40 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1934 | 49 mi | 52 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1932 | 37 mi | 58 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1932 | 54 mi | 40 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1923 | 97 mi | 58 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1923 | 57 mi | 46 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1916 | 12 mi | 63 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1915 | 49 mi | 69 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1912 | 84 mi | 52 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1912 | 93 mi | 40 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1909 | 94 mi | 63 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1906 | 46 mi | 58 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1905 | 72 mi | 40 mph |
HURDAT2 best-track positions at tropical-storm strength (34 kt) or more, measured from the county's Census centre point; through the 2025 season. Distance from a track is not the same as the extent of the storm's wind, rain or surge.
ZIP codes with flood claims
ZIP codes whose NFIP claims carry this county's code, with the number of claims. Five or more claims are needed for a ZIP page to be indexed.
Questions and answers
How often does it hail in Madison County, MS?
NCEI records 164 hail events in Madison County since 1950, in 42 different years; that is about 2.1 recorded events a year. 29 reports were golf-ball size (1.75 in) or larger.
Has Madison County had a tornado?
Yes. NCEI records 78 tornadoes in Madison County since 1950, 14 of them rated (E)F2 or stronger. Tornado deaths recorded: 12.
When was the last federal disaster declaration for Madison County?
6 Feb 2026: Severe Winter Storm, a major disaster declaration for winter storm. The county appears in 26 declarations since 1953.
How many flood insurance claims have been filed in Madison County, and how much was paid?
1,003 NFIP claims since 1978, 766 of them paid, for $10M in total. FEMA publishes these figures redacted and aggregated; individual properties are not identified.
Is Madison County in the National Risk Index's high-risk band?
FEMA's National Risk Index (December 2025) rates the county "Relatively Moderate" for overall risk, "Relatively Moderate" for expected annual loss, "Relatively Low" for social vulnerability and "Very High" for community resilience. These ratings are FEMA's relative comparison across all US counties.
How does Madison County compare with the rest of Mississippi?
127.2 recorded events per 100 square miles against 89.7 statewide, and 9.1 NFIP claims per 1,000 residents against 21.9. The comparison table on this page shows each measure beside the state and national figures.
Provenance
Storm events: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, yearly details files through 30 Jun 2026 (public domain). Declarations: OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, refreshed 1 Oct 2026. Flood claims: OpenFEMA NfipClaims v3 as of 8 Sep 2026; NfipMultipleLossProperties v1 (2 Aug 2026); NfipResidentialPenetrationRates v1 (3 Aug 2026). Risk index: FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025. Hurricane tracks: NHC HURDAT2 through 2025. Population and area: US Census Bureau, 2021 vintage. Built 1 Oct 2026; see the methodology and corrections pages. Hazard hubs: Hail · Tornado · Flood · Wind · Winter.