States › Pennsylvania › Mercer County
Mercer County, Pennsylvania
Recorded hazard history: storm events since 1950, federal disaster declarations since 1953, flood insurance claims since 1978, and FEMA's risk index.
NCEI notes that Storm Data is compiled from a variety of sources including the National Weather Service, other federal, state and local agencies, the media and the public; that property and crop damage figures are estimates; and that some events are recorded by NWS forecast zone rather than by county. FEMA notes that NFIP claim records are redacted and aggregated to protect the privacy of policyholders. NCEI storm records through 30 Jun 2026; OpenFEMA declarations refreshed 1 Oct 2026; NFIP claims as of 8 Sep 2026.
The NCEI record lists 960 events for Mercer County, Pennsylvania, between 1950 and 2026; damaging wind account for the largest share.
That is 142.7 events per 100 square miles, in line with the Pennsylvania figure of 121.6, and 87.3 per 10,000 residents against 42.0 statewide.
43 events fall in the 12 months to 30 Jun 2026. NCEI attributes 9 deaths and 219 injuries to events in the county, with property damage estimated at $40M and crop damage at $16K.
FEMA has designated the county in 13 federal disaster declarations since 1953; the most recent is Covid-19 Pandemic (major disaster, 30 Mar 2020).
National Flood Insurance Program policyholders in the county filed 120 claims since 1978, of which 88 were paid, totalling $880K (about $10K per paid claim). FEMA counts 62 residential flood policies in force.
FEMA's National Risk Index rates the county's overall risk as "Relatively Low" and its expected annual loss as "Relatively Low" ($34M a year across 18 hazards).
10 tropical storm or hurricane tracks in the HURDAT2 record passed within 100 miles of the county's centre at tropical-storm strength or more, 0 of them within 50 miles at hurricane strength.
Compared with Pennsylvania and the United States
| Measure | Mercer County | Pennsylvania | US |
|---|---|---|---|
| Recorded events since 1950 | 960 | 54,427 | 1,977,440 |
| Events per 100 square miles | 142.7 | 121.6 | 56.0 |
| Events per 10,000 residents | 87.3 | 42.0 | 59.6 |
| Events in the last 12 months | 43 | 2,028 | 62,008 |
| Deaths recorded by NCEI | 9 | 901 | 26,435 |
| Property damage (NCEI estimates) | $40M | $5.3B | $575B |
| NFIP claims per 1,000 residents | 1.1 | 5.9 | 8.1 |
| Average paid NFIP claim | $10K | $23K | $43K |
| Claims per 100 policies in force, last 10 years | 22.6 | 25.9 | 16.1 |
County-recorded events plus zone-recorded events whose forecast zone is named for the county. State and US rows include events recorded only by forecast zone. Rates use 2021 Census population and land area.
Events by decade
Trend: 625 events in the 20 years to 2025 against 264 in the 20 years before. Reporting practice changed in 1996 and again with automated reports in the 2000s, so decade totals measure the record as much as the weather.
Events by type
Hazard pages exist for hail, tornado, flood, wind and winter where the county has at least 10 recorded events. "Other" covers heavy rain, debris flow, dust, funnel clouds and similar reports.
Largest recorded events
| Date | Event type | Group | Magnitude | Property damage | Crop damage | Deaths | Injuries | Geography |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31 May 1985 | Tornado | Tornado | F5 | $250K | — | 8 | 60 | County |
| 10 Nov 2002 | Tornado | Tornado | F2 | $1.0M | — | 1 | 19 | County |
| 20 Dec 2004 | Heavy Snow | Winter | — | $650K | — | — | 100 | Forecast zone |
| 25 Feb 2012 | Winter Weather | Winter | — | — | — | — | 20 | Forecast zone |
| 31 May 1985 | Tornado | Tornado | F4 | $25M | — | — | 5 | County |
| 15 Jun 1964 | Tornado | Tornado | F2 | $250K | — | — | 4 | County |
| 12 Nov 2019 | Winter Weather | Winter | — | — | — | — | 4 | Forecast zone |
| 1 Jun 1954 | Tornado | Tornado | F2 | $3K | — | — | 3 | County |
| 2 Aug 1980 | Tornado | Tornado | F1 | $25K | — | — | 1 | County |
| 20 Jul 2006 | Thunderstorm Wind | Wind | 66 mph | $20K | — | — | 1 | County |
| 20 Jul 2023 | Thunderstorm Wind | Wind | 58 mph | $5K | — | — | 1 | County |
| 8 Aug 1977 | Tornado | Tornado | — | — | — | — | 1 | County |
| 3 Oct 1986 | Tornado | Tornado | F2 | $2.5M | — | — | — | County |
| 14 Sep 2008 | High Wind | Wind | 58 mph | $1.0M | — | — | — | Forecast zone |
| 6 Oct 2024 | Thunderstorm Wind | Wind | 58 mph | $1.0M | — | — | — | County |
| 28 Apr 2002 | Tornado | Tornado | F1 | $750K | — | — | — | County |
| 24 May 1995 | Thunderstorm Wind | Wind | 150 mph | $375K | — | — | — | County |
| 24 Sep 1977 | Tornado | Tornado | — | $250K | — | — | — | County |
| 31 May 1985 | Tornado | Tornado | F5 | $250K | — | — | — | County |
| 16 Aug 2002 | Flash Flood | Flood | — | $250K | — | — | — | County |
Ranked by deaths, then injuries, then NCEI's damage estimate. Deaths and injuries are NCEI counts (direct plus indirect); no personal details are recorded here.
Federal disaster declarations
| Declared | Number | Type | Incident | Title | Programs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 Mar 2020 | DR-4506 | Major disaster | Biological | Covid-19 Pandemic | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 13 Mar 2020 | EM-3441 | Emergency | Biological | Covid-19 | Public assistance |
| 29 Oct 2012 | EM-3356 | Emergency | Hurricane | Hurricane Sandy | Public assistance |
| 10 Sep 2005 | EM-3235 | Emergency | Hurricane | Hurricane Katrina | Public assistance |
| 19 Sep 2004 | DR-1557 | Major disaster | Hurricane | Tropical Depression Ivan | — |
| 19 Sep 2004 | DR-1555 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms And Flooding Associated With Tropical Depression Frances | — |
| 23 Aug 2003 | DR-1485 | Major disaster | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes, And Flooding | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 21 Jan 1996 | DR-1093 | Major disaster | Flood | Severe Storms And Flooding | Individual assistance |
| 16 Mar 1993 | EM-3105 | Emergency | Snowstorm | Severe Snowfall & Winter Storm | Public assistance |
| 3 Jun 1985 | DR-737 | Major disaster | Tornado | Severe Storms, High Winds & Tornadoes | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 15 Jun 1981 | DR-641 | Major disaster | Flood | Severe Storms & Flooding | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
| 29 Jan 1977 | EM-3026 | Emergency | Snowstorm | Snowstorms | Public assistance |
| 23 Jun 1972 | DR-340 | Major disaster | Flood | Tropical Storm Agnes | Individual assistance, Public assistance |
Declarations in which FEMA designated this county, from the OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries (v2). DR: major disaster; EM: emergency; FM: fire management assistance. Programs show whether individual or public assistance was made available.
Flood insurance claims
| Year of loss | Claims | Paid claims | Amount paid | Average paid |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 1 | 1 | $20,526 | $20,526 |
| 2021 | 1 | 1 | $8,678 | $8,678 |
| 2019 | 5 | 4 | $24,519 | $6,130 |
| 2017 | 7 | 5 | $27,953 | $5,591 |
| 2016 | 1 | 0 | $0 | — |
| 2015 | 2 | 1 | $1,590 | $1,590 |
| 2014 | 2 | 2 | $23,332 | $11,666 |
| 2013 | 1 | 1 | $1,547 | $1,547 |
| 2012 | 2 | 0 | $0 | — |
| 2011 | 7 | 6 | $61,264 | $10,211 |
| 2010 | 1 | 0 | $0 | — |
| 2006 | 2 | 2 | $16,322 | $8,161 |
| 2005 | 1 | 1 | $30,211 | $30,211 |
| 2004 | 15 | 13 | $279,066 | $21,467 |
| 2003 | 16 | 15 | $121,275 | $8,085 |
| 2002 | 2 | 2 | $119,286 | $59,643 |
| 1999 | 1 | 1 | $11,628 | $11,628 |
| 1997 | 5 | 4 | $28,367 | $7,092 |
| 1996 | 3 | 3 | $11,026 | $3,675 |
| 1995 | 1 | 1 | $852 | $852 |
| 1994 | 1 | 1 | $814 | $814 |
| 1992 | 6 | 4 | $25,031 | $6,258 |
| 1990 | 5 | 5 | $27,554 | $5,511 |
| 1987 | 2 | 1 | $5,300 | $5,300 |
| 1986 | 7 | 2 | $13,673 | $6,837 |
OpenFEMA NFIP claims (v3, as of 8 Sep 2026), aggregated by year of loss; amounts are building, contents and increased-cost-of-compliance payments as recorded. Repetitive-loss counts from the NFIP Multiple Loss Properties file (2 Aug 2026); policies in force from the NFIP Residential Penetration Rates file (3 Aug 2026).
National Risk Index
| Hazard (NRI) | Risk rating | Expected annual loss |
|---|---|---|
| Inland flooding | $29,059,608 | |
| Tornado | $1,338,717 | |
| Strong wind | $980,505 | |
| Lightning | $926,496 | |
| Hail | $647,250 | |
| Hurricane | $306,469 | |
| Earthquake | $268,546 | |
| Cold wave | $255,100 | |
| Winter weather | $168,072 | |
| Heat wave | $110,403 | |
| Ice storm | $53,309 | |
| Wildfire | $18,688 | |
| Landslide | $737 |
FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025 release. Ratings are FEMA's relative comparison of counties; expected annual loss is FEMA's modelled estimate of average yearly building, population and agriculture loss. See how to read the NRI.
Hurricane and tropical storm passes
| Storm | Year | Closest approach | Max wind while within 100 mi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sandy | 2012 | 14 mi | 46 mph |
| Isabel | 2003 | 28 mi | 40 mph |
| Opal | 1995 | 50 mi | 46 mph |
| Hugo | 1989 | 62 mi | 40 mph |
| Connie | 1955 | 64 mi | 52 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1928 | 66 mi | 40 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1915 | 80 mi | 40 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1902 | 92 mi | 40 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1896 | 81 mi | 58 mph |
| Unnamed Atlantic storm | 1878 | 66 mi | 46 mph |
HURDAT2 best-track positions at tropical-storm strength (34 kt) or more, measured from the county's Census centre point; through the 2025 season. Distance from a track is not the same as the extent of the storm's wind, rain or surge.
ZIP codes with flood claims
ZIP codes whose NFIP claims carry this county's code, with the number of claims. Five or more claims are needed for a ZIP page to be indexed.
Questions and answers
How often does it hail in Mercer County, PA?
NCEI records 160 hail events in Mercer County since 1950, in 34 different years; that is about 2.1 recorded events a year. 17 reports were golf-ball size (1.75 in) or larger.
Has Mercer County had a tornado?
Yes. NCEI records 25 tornadoes in Mercer County since 1950, 9 of them rated (E)F2 or stronger. Tornado deaths recorded: 9.
When was the last federal disaster declaration for Mercer County?
30 Mar 2020: Covid-19 Pandemic, a major disaster declaration for biological. The county appears in 13 declarations since 1953.
How many flood insurance claims have been filed in Mercer County, and how much was paid?
120 NFIP claims since 1978, 88 of them paid, for $880K in total. FEMA publishes these figures redacted and aggregated; individual properties are not identified.
Is Mercer County in the National Risk Index's high-risk band?
FEMA's National Risk Index (December 2025) rates the county "Relatively Low" for overall risk, "Relatively Low" for expected annual loss, "Relatively Moderate" for social vulnerability and "Relatively High" for community resilience. These ratings are FEMA's relative comparison across all US counties.
How does Mercer County compare with the rest of Pennsylvania?
142.7 recorded events per 100 square miles against 121.6 statewide, and 1.1 NFIP claims per 1,000 residents against 5.9. The comparison table on this page shows each measure beside the state and national figures.
Provenance
Storm events: NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database, yearly details files through 30 Jun 2026 (public domain). Declarations: OpenFEMA DisasterDeclarationsSummaries v2, refreshed 1 Oct 2026. Flood claims: OpenFEMA NfipClaims v3 as of 8 Sep 2026; NfipMultipleLossProperties v1 (2 Aug 2026); NfipResidentialPenetrationRates v1 (3 Aug 2026). Risk index: FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025. Hurricane tracks: NHC HURDAT2 through 2025. Population and area: US Census Bureau, 2021 vintage. Built 1 Oct 2026; see the methodology and corrections pages. Hazard hubs: Hail · Tornado · Flood · Wind · Winter.